The preparation and performance evaluation of flame-retardant antistatic composites based on polyurethane

To improve the safety and broaden the application scope of polyurethane in coal mines, a dual-functional DOPO/MA/Mel@NC (DMM@NC) composite with flame retardancy and antistatic properties was designed and synthesized via in situ polymerization followed by introduction into polyurethane with a loading amount of 25 wt%, which considerably enabled flame retardancy, antistatic properties, thermal stability, and combustion performance of the polyurethane. By investigating the chemical composition and microscopic morphology of gaseous pyrolysis products and condensed-phase residues of DMM@NC it was found that the residues contain phosphorus-containing compounds, which promote the carbonification and are beneficial to improve the flame retardancy of polyurethane through a condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanism. Consequently, the dual-functional DMM@NC composite with distinguished flame retardancy and antistatic properties is beneficial to improve the safety of polyurethane in coal mines thus expanding its application range.