Production of biomass-derived furanic ethers and levulinate esters using heterogeneous acid catalysts

文献信息

发布日期 2013-09-20
DOI 10.1039/C3GC41908H
影响因子 10.182
作者

Patrícia Neves, Margarida M. Antunes, Patrícia A. Russo, Joana P. Abrantes, Sérgio Lima, Auguste Fernandes, Martyn Pillinger, Sílvia M. Rocha, Maria F. Ribeiro, Anabela A. Valente


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摘要

Mesoporous aluminosilicates of the type Al-TUD-1, prepared via “green”, low-cost, non-surfactant templating routes, are effective and versatile heterogeneous acid catalysts for the production of useful bio-based furanic ethers and levulinate esters, via the reactions of the biorenewable substrates 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (Hmf) or furfuryl alcohol (FA) with aliphatic alcohols. The identification of reaction intermediates and products by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was carried out, giving mechanistic insights. Ethyl levulinate (EL) was formed from FA or Hmf as substrates, with higher EL yields being reached in the former case. Different types of alkyl levulinates may be synthesized from FA using Al-TUD-1 catalysts. On the other hand, 5-(ethoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde may be formed as the main product from Hmf. Modifications of the properties of Al-TUD-1 involved varying the Si/Al ratio and applying a post-synthesis acid treatment. The influence of these factors and of the reaction conditions on the catalytic reactions was investigated. The efficient regeneration and recyclability of Al-TUD-1 was assessed.

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Green Chemistry

Green Chemistry
CiteScore: 16.1
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Green Chemistry provides a unique forum for the publication of innovative research on the development of alternative green and sustainable technologies. The scope of Green Chemistry is based on, but not limited to, the definition proposed by Anastas and Warner (Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, P T Anastas and J C Warner, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998). Green chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Green Chemistry is at the frontiers of this continuously-evolving interdisciplinary science and publishes research that attempts to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. Submissions on all aspects of research relating to the endeavour are welcome. The journal publishes original and significant cutting-edge research that is likely to be of wide general appeal. To be published, work must present a significant advance in green chemistry. Papers must contain a comparison with existing methods and demonstrate advantages over those methods before publication can be considered. For more information please see this Editorial. Coverage includes the following, but is not limited to: Design (e.g. biomimicry, design for degradation/recycling/reduced toxicity…) Reagents & Feedstocks (e.g. renewables, CO2, solvents, auxiliary agents, waste utilization…) Synthesis (e.g. organic, inorganic, synthetic biology…) Catalysis (e.g. homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzyme, whole cell…) Process (e.g. process design, intensification, separations, recycling, efficiency…) Energy (e.g. renewable energy, fuels, photovoltaics, fuel cells, energy storage, energy carriers…) Applications (e.g. electronics, dyes, consumer products, coatings, pharmaceuticals, preservatives, building materials, chemicals for industry/agriculture/mining…) Impact (e.g. safety, metrics, LCA, sustainability, (eco)toxicology…) Green chemistry is, by definition, a continuously-evolving frontier. Therefore, the inclusion of a particular material or technology does not, of itself, guarantee that a paper is suitable for the journal. To be suitable, the novel advance should have the potential for reduced environmental impact relative to the state of the art. Green Chemistry does not normally deal with research associated with 'end-of-pipe' or remediation issues.

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